OUTPUT FIGURE 6.20 THE FINAL BOOKWORM HOME PAGE, WITH ADDITIONAL ATTRIBUTES.

OUTPUT FIGURE 6.20 THE FINAL BOOKWORM HOME PAGE, WITH ADDITIONAL ATTRIBUTES.

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           When should you use text- formatting attributes? The general rule that I like to follow is to use these tags only when they won’t interfere with other browsers, generally older ones. Similarly, although HTML 4.01 officially encourages web page authors to use style sheets rather than text formatting tags such as font and attributes such as align, support for style sheets still isn’t yet universal. So, for the time being, if you want to spiff up the appearance of you text, you must continue to use these tags and attributes.

·         You’ll learn more about formatting tags and attributes, as well as how to design well with them in lesson 15, “Creating Applications with Dynamic HTML and AJAX”.

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

Today, you learned all about links. Links turn the web from a collection of unrelated pages into an enormous, interrelated information system (there are those big words again).

To create links, you the <a> tag pair, called the link or anchor tag. The anchor tag has attributes for creating links (the href attribute) and anchor names (the name attribute).

When linking pages that are all stored on the local disk, you can specify their pathnames in the href attribute as relative or absolute paths. For local links, relative pathnames are preferred because they enable you to move local pages more easily to another directory or to another system. If you use absolute pathnames, your links will break if your change anything in the hard-coded path.

If you want to line to a page on the web (a remote page), the value of the href attribute is the URL of that page. You can easily copy the URL of the page you want to link. just go to that page by using your favorite web browser ,and then copy and paste the URL from your browser into the appropriate place in  your link tag.

To create links to specific parts of a page et an anchor at the point you want to link to, use the <A>…</a> tag as you would with a link, but rather than the href attribute, you use the name attribute to name the anchor. You then can link directly to that anchor name by using the name of the page, a has h sign (#), and the anchor name.

Finally, RULs (uniform resource locators) are used to point to pages, files, and other information of the internet. Depending on the type of information, URLs can contain several parts. But most contain a protocol type and location or address. URLs can be used to point to many kinds of information but are most commonly used to point to web pages (http). FTP directories or files (ftp), electronic mail addresses (mailto). Or Usenet news (news).

WORKSHOP

CUATION

 WYSIWYG editors tend to work best with files they’ve created themselves. If you have some existing HTML files that you need to edit, opening them in a             WYSIWYG editor can do more harm than good, particularly if the files were created in a different WYSIWYG editor

In addition to HTML and WYSIWYG editors, you also can use converters, which take files from many popular word processing programs and Convert  them HTML . with a simple set of templates. You can write your pages entirely in your favorite word processing program and them convert the result when you’re done.

In many cases, converters can be extremely can be extremely useful, particularly for putting existing documents on the web as quickly as possible. However, converters suffer from many of the some problems as WYSIWYG editors. The results can vary from browser to browser, and many newer or advanced features aren’t available in the converters. Also, most converter programs are fairly limited, not necessarily by their own features, but mostly by the limitations in HTML itself. No amount of fancy converting will make HTML do things that it can’t do already . if a particular capability doesn’t exist in HTML, the converter can’t do anything to solve that problem. In fact, the converter might end up doing strange things to your HTML files, causing you more work than if you just did all the formatting yourself.

SUMMARY

Today, you learned some basic pints about what HTML is and how you define a text document as a webpage. You learned a bit about the history of HTML and the reasons why the HTML specification has changed several times since the beginning. You also learned how cascading style sheets can be used to augment your HTML. You created your first web page with some basic tags. It wasn’t so bad, was it? You also  learned a bit about the current standard version of HTML-XHTML, and how to apply styles using cascading style sheets. In tomorrow’s lesson, you’ll expand on this and will learn more about adding headings, text, and lists to your pages.

WORKSHOP

Now that you’ve had an introduction to HTML and a taste of creating your first very simple web page, here’s a workshop that will guide you toward more of what you’ll learn. A couple of questions and answers that relate to HTML formatting are followed by a brief quiz and answers about a HTML. The exercises prompt you to examine the code of a more advanced page in your browser.